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To have unity in your design, all parts of your composition should be in complete harmony with each other to be visually appealing in the viewer’s eyes. By repeating elements, you create a pattern and strengthen your design. The recurrence of an element, color, shape, or form in design is called repetition. It unifies your design elements and gives them a kind of signature look. Proportion is the relative size of the design elements compared to each other. It comes organically once you’re done with your contrast and balance.
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You'll be able to decode the most intricate designs and understand what's working and what's not. Not enough or too much harmony can make a design dull; there needs to be some kind of variety for it to be visually interesting. In the example below, the pattern repeats itself from edge to edge without any disruptions. The pattern is composed of multiple elements with varying sizes and depths. For instance, using similar colors that match and integrate elements organically makes it appear as if they belong together and are not just put on a page. You can also use repetition to draw attention to a particular area of content or design.
White Space
Often referred to as ‘Morris prints’, these highly detailed and colourful patterns were created by repeating simple motifs, such as flowers and leaves. Morris used these to evoke a sense of nature and the outdoors, bringing it into our homes. You could use brighter text, such as white or yellow, but you’ll find that the gray stone makes it hard to read, too. They want to engage with your design, not work to try and read text.
Principles of Design: Variety
In nature, you can see this in the waves on a beach or sand dunes. As designers, we can mimic nature by making wonderful patterns of elements with flowing rhythm. We can show clumps of seaweed underwater, their strands gently facing in a series of directions. Regular rhythm – Like the beating of a heart, the regular rhythm follows the same intervals over and over again. You can easily make a regular rhythm just by creating a grid or a series of vertical lines.
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Proportion, also referred to as scale, is the relative size of objects within a design. Elements that are larger in relation to others will stand out more and appear to have more importance to users. The elements shouldn’t be exactly the same or completely different but related in some way.
Principles of Design: Unity
Being able to achieve balance in asymmetry can result in a visually interesting design that has movement. Asymmetric patterns are less structured and don’t have a mirror effect, but instead create an organic or flowing feel. These patterns are more dynamic in appearance when compared to regular pattern, whereas regular patterns appear more unified and balanced. Irregular patterns also called progressive patterns are patterns in which the motif changes, or repeats in a non-uniform way.
Why Are Patterns Important in Art?
Remember that you have positive and negative images, which you can use so that both the elements and the spaces between them make your design hard to “predict”. By using a larger series of elements, you’ll have virtually limitless possibilities to play with. The artist René Magritte made particularly interesting use of random rhythm. There are multiple ways that artists can create patterns in their artwork. With color, repetition is formed made based on the palette that the artist chooses to use. Man-made patterns in art are patterns made by humans, and they can either be created for structural or decorative purposes.
Be sure to emphasize the parts you want your users to look at first. You can do this through things like scale, white space, color, shadow, pattern, or other techniques. There’s much debate over exactly how many principles of design exist. Some designers say 7, others 12, and still others somewhere in between.
A break in this pattern will provide a focal point and create emphasis in an artwork. Patterns can be integrated into artworks to provide unity, the consistency of the pattern may contrast with the organic nature of the rest of the composition. An example of this is in Escher’s artwork ‘Reptiles’, where the organic shapes of the animals transform into a tessellation, then back to a reptile again. Gustav Klimt was an Austrian 20th century Symbolist painter renowned for his oil painting artwork The Kiss, displayed above. The spectacular painting includes an array of shapes––circles, rectangles, squares, organic forms, and more––that are arranged in unique patterns.
In the example below, the diagonal lines aren't arranged in a specific pattern. The elements of art are the visual components of a design, these are line, shape, texture, value, form, colour and space. These are the building blocks that are used to create unique patterns. Artists will alter shapes, colours and spacing to create various different motifs and repetitions.
You may have come across Morris’s famous “Fruit” pattern (above) artwork as the chosen wallpaper for a home or business. Again, you will be able to duplicate the row of squares using the Alt key. With this layout of four rows, you will obtain a rapport of vertical lines. Emphasis highlights the most important element and makes your audience concentrate on the focal point of your design. Once you start placing all your baggage on one side, it will slowly start to sink because that will be the heavy side of your boat, while the other side will remain weightless. I'm a design writer, design mentor, and entrepreneur leading Laura Keung Studio, currently based in Munich, Germany.
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